The carob tree is a medium-sized tree from the Fabaceae family. The Fabaceae family represents legumes (lentils, chickpeas and even red beans). The carob tree is a tree species native to the Mediterranean region. It is largely cultivated for its fruit and seeds. Carob seeds make it possible to obtain locust bean gum, a food additive. The fruit, Carob, is a large pod that stands out for its surprising taste. Carob has a flavor similar to chocolate when powdered. This is not the only positive point about Carob (although it is sufficient in itself). Indeed, Carob powder improves memory, intestinal transit and fights against oxidative stress. Latin name: Ceratonia siliqua L. Botanical family: Fabaceae. Part used: Pod.

This article was updated on 25/04/2023

For fight against oxidative stress

Carob powder is a source of bioactive compounds, mainly represented by polyphenols and d-pinitol. These give Carob powder a very high antioxidant potential. As a result, Carob powder would inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species.

Carob powder would prevent oxidative stress. Oxidative stress corresponds to an imbalance between pro-oxidant compounds and antioxidant defenses, in favor of pro-oxidants. This disorder is a risk factor for many pathologies, such as diabetes, eye pathologies, neurodegenerative diseases, etc.

Advice from the dietician-nutritionist: 

  • Start at 1g per day then gradually increase over a week to 20g per day.

  • Prefer uncooked carob powder, to preserve heat-sensitive nutrients.

For fight against constipation

On average, 100 grams of Carob powder contains nearly 40 g of fiber. Carob powder is said to be rich in fiber, more precisely in insoluble fiber. Indeed, Carob powder is extracted from the pod, which is composed mainly of insoluble fibers, to the detriment of soluble fibers.

Fibers are special carbohydrates because they cannot be digested and absorbed by the body: they pass through the digestive tract. Despite this, they have several health benefits, such as regulating digestive transit. Insoluble fiber is preferable in cases of constipation because it does not dissolve in water. On the other hand, they have the capacity to absorb a large quantity of water, which causes them to swell. By their sizes, their indigestible and insoluble characteristics, insoluble fibers join directly the fecal mass, which increases the volume of the stools and rehydrates them. The whole thing promotes intestinal motility.

Due to its richness in insoluble fiber, carob powder is laxative.

Advice from the dietician-nutritionist: 

  • Consume 1 g per day then gradually increase over a week up to 20 g per day of Carob powder.

  • Favor the treatment on an empty stomach, in cold water to amplify the laxative effect of the Carob powder.

For diabetics

Carob powder is an ideal ally in cases of diabetes. Indeed, the composition of Carob powder gives it a low glycemic index, estimated at 15. The glycemic index represents the ability of a food to increase blood sugar levels. Thus, the lower the glycemic index, the more balanced the blood sugar level, which is desirable in cases of diabetes. In addition, the glycemic load of carob powder is less than 2 per 20 g consumed (recommended amount), which means that for 100g of carob powder consumed, the glycemic load is only 7.3. This still represents a low score. The glycemic load is data derived from the glycemic index which varies depending on the quantity consumed. In summary, Carob powder helps maintain balanced blood sugar levels after a meal.

In addition, the antioxidant power (provided by polyphenolic compounds and d-pinitol) and its anti-inflammatory potential (effect noted via a scientific study) contribute to preventing cardiovascular pathologies linked to diabetes.

Carob powder is interesting for diabetics, because she does not cause hyperglycemia and allows you to rebalance the glycemic load of a meal. Also, she participates in the prevention of cardiovascular pathologies. It turns out to be an excellent substitute for chocolate and cocoa powder (sweetened) in culinary preparations, since they have higher glycemic indices.

Advice from the dietician-nutritionist: 

  • Add 20 g of Carob powder to your sweet preparations to reduce their glycemic load.

  • Replace or combine cocoa or chocolate powder with/with Carob powder.

For lower cholesterol

A study studied the influence of Carob powder in 47 volunteers with cholesterol disorders. After the experiment, the Carob powder made it possible to significantly reduce total cholesterol levels in the blood, including LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol). This power potentially comes from the fibers that abound in Carob powder. Fiber does have an effect on reducing the absorption of dietary cholesterol. Especially since Carob is low in saturated fatty acids. Reducing the consumption of saturated fats contributes to maintaining normal cholesterol levels.

Advice from the dietician-nutritionist: 

  • In cholesterol-lowering treatment: 5 g of Carob powder, for 6 weeks before meals.
  • Start with 1g, then gradually increase to 5g.

Unfounded reputations

''Carob powder is a natural appetite suppressant''

Carob powder is not the most interesting food to reduce your appetite with the aim of losing weight. In reality, no food can miraculously cause weight loss or curb hunger, they can only help, and only if they accompany a total lifestyle change.

However, Carob powder does not have the effect of encouraging weight gain: it has a low glycemic index, which limits snacking and the storage of sugars and fats. Its unique, chocolate-like flavor can also help reduce the amount of sugar needed in some recipes.

Nevertheless, carob powder is not filling, its action on weight is rather secondary.

''Carob powder modifies sleep''

It is difficult to find foods that promote sleep. However, Carob powder is not included in the list.

The action of the carob powder on sleep would be rather neutral : it does not induce sleep, but does not damage it. Indeed, it does not contain exciting substances, it is low in lipids (which can harm the quality of sleep) and its glycemic index is low. A low glycemic index suggests that it provides “slow carbohydrates” throughout the night, which prevents the urge to snack at night caused by reactive hypoglycemia.

However, no micronutritional study of Carob powder is available. As a result, many compounds are not measured, reducing the chances of Carob powder being used in this case. Furthermore, no scientific studies have been carried out on this subject.

Nutritional values

Nutritional elements per 100g for 20 g % of RDA* per 100 g % of RDA* for 20 g
Energy (Kcal) 300 60 15 3
Energy (Kj) 1256 251,2 15 3
Lipids (g) 0.7 0.03 0.9 0
Saturated fatty acids (g) 0.1 0 0.5 0
Carbohydrates (g) 49.1 9.8 18.9 4
Including sugars (g) 40.1 8 44.6 9
Dietary fiber (g) 39.8 8
Protein (g) 4.6 0.9 9.2 2
Salt (g) 0.04 0 0.6 0
Calcium (mg) 435 87 54.4 11
Copper (mg) 0.3 0.1 32 6
Iron (mg) 3.4 0.7 24.3 5
Magnesium (mg) 55 11 14.7 3
Phosphorus (mg) 81 16.2 11.6 2
Potassium (mg) 873 174.6 43.7 9
Zinc (mg) 0.9 0.2 8.7 2

*recommended daily allowance

Learn more about the plant: The Carob tree

The carob tree belongs to the Fabaceae family. Originally from the Mediterranean region, it has recently spread to other regions such as California, Arizona, Mexico, Chile, and Argentina. The tree appreciates poor, dry soils and mild climates. He doesn't tolerate the cold well. The carob tree can reach a height of 10 meters. Its growth is slow and its longevity is great (more than 500 years).

The reproductive biology of the carob tree is complex; scientists believe that young trees have bisexual flowers, but usually one sex is removed during development. Carob leaves are green and evergreen. They are renewed every two years. The inflorescence of the carob tree is clustered and resembles catkins. They are green tinged with red. After fertilization by pollen, the female flowers transform into fruits which ripen the following summer. The fruit is an uncracked pod, long, flattened and thickened at the sutures. Carob pods have a length of between 10 and 30 cm, and a width of around 2 cm. They are made up of two large parts: the pulp which represents 90% of the fruit and the seeds which fill the remaining 10%. The pulp is made up of the epicarp (hard shell) and the mesocarp, the internal region, which is yellow in color and has a sweet taste. The seeds are hard and numerous. As for the wood, the carob sapwood turns out to be whitish and its heart turns out to be veined pink. It is known in carpentry under the name of carouge.

The carob tree is cultivated for its fruit, Carob, whose flavor is reminiscent of chocolate. Spain is the world's leading producer of Carob, producing on average 135,000 t/year of Carob, compared to 310,000 t/year for all world harvests. Fun fact: carob seeds were called carats, they were used as a standard to evaluate the weight of precious stones.

Carob gum

Locust bean gum is a food additive, it serves as a texturing agent. It can be found under the code E 410 in the ingredient lists. It is obtained by grinding the seeds of the carob tree. The food industry uses it to thicken and make their preparations smoother.

Like all gums, excess locust bean gum can cause intestinal disorders. A meta-analysis values ​​locust bean gum for its cholesterol-lowering, hypoglycemic, anti-diarrheal and anti-reflux effects.

Was this article helpful to you?

  

Average grade: 4.9 ( 107 votes)

Bibliography

Publication: Rtibi K, Selmi S, Grami D, Amri M, Eto B, El-Benna J, Sebai H, Marzouki L. Chemical constituents and pharmacological actions of carob pods and leaves (Ceratonia siliqua L.) on the gastrointestinal tract: A review. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Sep;93:522-528. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.06.088. Epub 2017 Jul 4. PMID: 28686965.

Publication: Zhu BJ, Zayed MZ, Zhu HX, Zhao J, Li SP. Functional polysaccharides of carob fruit: a review. Chin Med. 2019 Sep 30;14:40. doi:10.1186/s13020-019-0261-x. PMID: 31583011; PMCID: PMC6767635.

Publication: Alzoubi KH, Alibbini S, Khabour OF, El-Elimat T, Al-Zubi M, Alali FQ. Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Prevents Short-Term Memory Deficit Induced by Chronic Stress in Rats. J Mol Neurosci. 2018 Nov;66(3):314-321. doi:10.1007/s12031-018-1161-8. Epub 2018 Sep 14. PMID: 30218423.

Website : Food additives. (nd). UFC what to choose. https://www.quechoisir.org/comparatif-additions-alimentaires-n56877/e410-gomme-de-caroube-farine-de-graine-de-caroube-p223621/

Related articles